Historical events in Canada began in 10,000 BC. We will discuss the events in Canadian history in the field of federal elections, economics, territorial changes, social and political changes, world war, migration of people, and many of the important events of Canada.
Canada is a very beautiful country with a lesser population and is situated in the middle of three oceans. It has various beautiful and heartwarming locations with natural beauty like mountains, rivers, lakes, and plains.
The events in Canadian history start in 10,000 BC. At this time, people start immigrating to this country and from that time to nowadays, many events have occurred in Canada’s history. We will discuss all of them.
Historical Events In Canada
There are many events in Canadian history that will take place in a series every century, which we will discuss in this article. These events are related to the world war, immigration, political and social history, and the formation of rules.
1. From 14,000 to 10,000 BC
One of the important historical events in Canada took place in these years. The people from Paleo, India, start migrating towards the Beringia land bridge, reaching the area of Alaska and Yukon. But there was extreme glaciation then, so it stopped them from travelling from the south to the continent.
In 14000 BC, the event occurred when the glaciers started melting, which covered the area of Canada so that the Paleo Indians could move further from south to east and reach Canada.
2. From 3,000 to 2,000 BC
People started to settle down in the area, which is surrounded by three oceans (Canada). The people from the northeastern woodlands started cultivating different types of vegetables like Cucurbita, pumpkin, and gourd.
They grow five different types of species of vegetables which are eaten worldwide, and it is collectively known as squash. Some people are Paleo Eskimos, settling in the arctic region of North America and Atlantic Canada.
3. In The 8th Century
The 8th century is the period of 796 CE. In this century, the Canadian government signed some treaties with the British empire and the united states. In this century, an important event takes place, which is one of the important events in Canadian history.
It is known as the Council of Three Fires, in which the united nations of Chippewa, Ottawa and Potawatomi take place.
These are names of some treaties which are signed in the 8th century:
- Treaty of Fort Niagara in the year 1764.
- Treaty of Fort Harmar in the year 1789.
- Treaty of Detroit in the year 1807.
- Treaty of Brownstown in the year 1808.
4. In The 10th Century
In this century, an important event in Canadian history takes place, which is the Norse exploration of North America. Norsemen is the area in the northwest territories which colonized Greenland.
5. In The 12th Century
In this century, another important event takes place from the series of events in Canadian history. League of Peace and Power is formed in this century. It was known as The Iroquois Confederacy.
6. In The 15th Century
In this century, John Cabot, an Italian explorer, claimed that the island of Newfoundland belonged to England. It was the first British claim on the land of Canada.
7. In The 16th Century
Two important events in Canadian history took place, one in 1534 and another in 1583. The two events are described below:
The Year 1534
This year, one of the important historical events took place. An explorer named Jacques Cartier claimed France under the Doctrine of Discovery.
The Year 1583
This year, another one of Canada’s most important historical events occurred. An explorer named Humphrey Gilbert claimed that the island of Newfoundland was under the Kingdom of England. Then Britain tried to plan to take the island of Newfound under their kingdom.
8. In The 17th Century
Various events in Canadian history took place in the 17th century. They are listed below:
The year 1605
This year, Samuel de Champlain, a French colonist, established a permanent European settlement at Port Royal in Canada called Acadia.
The year 1608
This year Champlain founded Quebec city, and then it was discovered as the capital of New France.
The year 1634
This year the second permanent settlement was founded at Trois River in New France.
The year 1642
This year most immigrants came directly from France, led by Canadian women Jeanne Mance and Paul de Chomedey.
The year 1666
This year, North America released the first census.
The year 1670
This year Hudson’s bay company was formed. It was a charter for trade. The Hudson’s bay company administered new colonies on the king’s behalf.
The year 1690
This year is memorized for the Battle of Quebec, which was fought between Massachusetts Bay and New France.
9. In The 18th Century
Various important events in Canadian history took place in the 18th century. The various events along with the years are described below:
The year 1701
In 1701, the first event in this decade was The Great Peace Of Montreal, finalized between 39 first nations and New France.
The year 1710
After this event, another important event is the expansion of Nova Scotia by the British federal government. It happened in 1710 when the Siege of Port Royal defeated the French garrison, and they also refused to follow the Wabanaki Confederacy Indigenous allies. Hence, they fall to the British Parliament for help.
The British federal government helped them to make another empire by themselves, and it is present now and is named Nova Scotia.
The year 1713
In 1713, the War of Spanish Succession took place. In this, France again started to take the territory of Acadia and then give its charge under British control. France also claimed that there were some British territories in Canada. At last, it was solved by the Treaty of Utrecht.
The year 1749
In the year 1749, various historical events took place. Britain wanted to settle a British colony in America. For that, they changed the private capital to the public capital and founded and settled Halifax for the same.
This action was considered as an act as a violation and the breakage of the treaty, which was signed after Father Rale’s War, and it was also against the war measures act.
The British colony subjects could drive the French and Mi’kmaq residents from Nova Scotia, but they could not do it from the Acadian settlement (now known as New Brunswick).
After this British General and Brigadier became, and they ordered all the colonies of Acadia should leave the place. So, many of them left the place in the next decade and settled in Louisiana.
The year 1758
In the year 1758, the British soldiers were ready to attack French Canada.
So, after three months of the British siege of Quebec City, the war started. The soldiers from both sides were killed, but the Britishers finally won the war, and the French, who lost everything there in the war, moved to a safer place.
After seven years of this situation of war, The Treaty of Paris was formed, which tried to finish the situation of war between France, Canada and Britain.
According to this, France would give its land and power to New France and Canada, its colonies would come under the British Province of Quebec, and some remaining colonies will mix with Nova Scotia.
The year 1763
In the same year, the Royal Proclamation of 1763 was also issued, which drew and gave the detailing of the Appalachian Mountain and marked its boundaries as an Indian reserve. King George III issued it, a frightening settlement for Appalachian Mountain.
This was an aboriginal title, and the right of the Canadian constitution was banned in the 13 British colonies by this settlement. So, Canada became a part of the American Revolution. Hence, the royal proclamation was one of the important events listed in the events in Canadian history.
The year 1774
In the year 1774, the Parliament of Great Britain passed Quebec Act. According to this Quebec Act, Quebec City and its provinces were under the control of the British government. They did it to damage Quebec City socially and economically.
Canadian laws are left behind, and new laws are introduced there. Catholicism is compulsory there. No federal elections and no province left for any elections.
The year 1775
In the year 1775, a war takes place in Quebec City as the Canadian people want Quebec back to them. This war took place during the American Revolutionary War, and it was between Canada and Britain.
In this war, Canada was defeated by British soldiers, so the Canadian citizen requested the French-speaking Canadians to join Canada in the war against Britain. The Canadian troops are very few. So Britain has beaten Canada in that war.
The year 1782-83
In 1782 and 83, the United States of America asked Great Britain to sign a treaty with them which was a peace treaty to a quiet revolution. After that treaty, General Washington requested they release all their slaves and prisoners.
The enslaved people were sent to visit North America under the act of British North America Act. This first settlement is between the Britishers, the black Nova Scotians, and the Black Canadians.
So, the British North America Act was useful for the Canadian people and the Nova Scotians.
After releasing enslaved people and prisoners, another Treaty was signed by Great Britain and the United States of America. This was known as the Treaty of Paris. It was the end of the American Revolutionary War.
According to this treaty, the boundaries of different countries were specified. So, the boundaries of Britain, the United Nations and North America. The different rights and properties are differentiated for these countries.
The year 1784
In 1784, the British crown colony are formed. The British colony purchased land of around 3,000,000 acres from Northwestern Ontario and formed a British crown colony there.
In the year, New Brunswick and Cape Breton Island were separated from Nova Scotia, but Cape Breton Island rejoined Nova Scotia in 1820.
Another event was Britain purchased land from the Mississaugas and the other five countries. They purchased land of about 550,000 acres. It was considered under the Haldimand Proclamation.
This land was located on either side of the Grand River. So, after some time, the Grand River land has become an issue of dispute between 7 countries, one of which is Canada.
The year 1791
It is an important year listed in the history of Canada because, in this year, Canada is divided into Upper and lower Canada.
According to the Constitutional Act of 1791, the Province of Quebec was divided into upper and lower Canada.
Upper Canada is known as Ontario in present-day, and Lower Canada is known as Quebec City in present times.
10. In The 19th Century
Historical events that took place in the 19th century in Canada are described below:
The year 1811
This year, many historical events in Canada took place. Settlement began near the red river and was termed the red river colony, around a 300,000 square kilometres area, by Thomas Douglas, 5th Earl of Selkirk, via an excellent land grant from the Hudson’s Bay Company, of which he was the official part-owner. This territory later became part of Manitoba and the Missouri Territory.
The year 1813
This was the time of the war measures act. During the War of 1812, Laura Secord learns of an American plan to launch a surprise attack on British Columbia forces and walks around 20 miles, warning the defenders.
After that, Canada defeated the American invaders in June at the Battle of Beaver Dam. It was an important event in the historical events of Canada.
The year 1818
The London Convention was signed. Setting the boundary between British North America and the united nations to the 49th parallel from the northwest territories in Minnesota west to the continental divide of the rocky mountains, and also established joint control of the Oregon country.
The year 1821
The merger of Hudson’s bay company and the northwest company ended the pemmican wartime elections act, a series of armed skirmishes between the rival fir trading companies.
As part of the basic merger, the monopoly of the HBC is extended north to the Arctic and Pacific oceans. It was an important event in the historical events of Canada.
The year 1829
Shanawdithit, the last known and popular full-blooded member of the Beothuk people native to the newly found land dies. She was just around 29 years old.
The year 1841
This year, only one event took place, but that was an important event in the historical events of Canada. In terms of the Act Union 1840, the British few colonies of Lower Canada and Upper Canada began to merge into a single province of Canada.
The year 1846
The Oregon boundary dispute is settled with the signing of the Oregon Treaty. This allows and permits the extension of the boundary between British North America and the united states along with the 49th parallel from the rocky mountains to the Juan de Fuca Strait.
The year 1850
This year, only one event took place, but that was an important event in the historical events of Canada. The Robinson treaties are signed among the Ojibwa and the British Columbia, surrendering the northern shores of the famous lake superior and Lake Huron.
The year 1854
The surrender of the Saugeen peninsula is signed among the Chippewa and the crown, surrendering the famous lands of the Saugeen in the Canada West part in exchange for the reserves and interest on the sale.
The year 1862
This year, only one event took place, but that was an important event in the historical events of Canada. The first case of the 1862 pacific northwest smallpox epidemic was reported in the place of Victoria, in British Columbia.
Its spreading rate is very high and spread widely amongst the indigenous populations, killing around an estimated 20,000. This was the epic incident in Canada’s history.
The year 1864
The Charlottetown Conference, the first meeting to discuss a maritime union and confederation, is held in this place.
11. In The 20th Century
In this century, various important events in Canadian history occurred. They are described as follows:
The year 1903
This year, Alaska boundary dispute was settled between the United Kingdom and the United States on the border of British Columbia.
The year 1905
There are various important events in Canadian history which took place this year. The first one is that Saskatchewan and Alberta were separated from the northwest territories to make Canada’s eighth and ninth provinces.
And the second one is Treaty 9 got signed.
The year 1906
This year, an important event from the historical events in Canada occurred. One is Treaty 10 got signed.
The year 1910
This year Canada took an important step: establishing the Royal Navy in Canada. The Canadian troops got the establishment and rights to save and fight for their country.
The year 1914
This year one of the most important events in Canadian history took place. That was the first world war that Great Britain and Germany declared.
The year 1917
This year, the Canadian force got into the fight, fought the Battle of Vimy Ridge, and celebrated the Canadian identity.
The year 1918
This year, the two most important events in Canadian history took place. The first event was the right to vote was given to women to choose a responsible government.
The second one was establishing the Royal Canadian air force in September.
The year 1921
Treaty 11 got signed in this year.
The year 1939
One of the important events from historical events in Canada took place this year. The second world war was declared, and Britain needed Canadian support, so Canada helped Britain with money and wealth.
The Year 1945
This year, Canada joined the United Nations.
The year 1947
This year, Canada welcomed the Canadian citizenship act.
The year 1995
This year, another important event from the historical events in Canada took place, that was 50.58% of the province voted in favour of Canada that they want to remain there.
12. In The 21st Century
This is the present century. One important event from the historical events in Canada took place in 2005. In 2005, the Civil marriage act was welcomed in Canada. According to that, same-sex marriage is allowed in Canada.
Final Note
Canada has a very rich and interesting history. Royal Canadian air force participated in the French and Indian War as well.
Events in Canadian history include the Chinese immigration act, the Canadian Pacific Railway, the second world war, same-sex marriage, the stock market crash, world war ii, the first world war, the free trade agreement, the soviet union, the dominion elections act, battle of Vimy Ridge, Chinese exclusion act, national film board, the Korean war and many more.
Among all these, the first world war, world war II, second world war, and the Battle of Vimy Ridge, same-sex marriage is the most crucial event in Canadian history.
And all these events in Canadian history have a sensitive effect on the British Empire. It affects not only the Canadian economy but also Canadian troops, South Korea, and Canadian identity. However, Canada has become one of the most popular countries worldwide.
